America and the Pill: A History of Promise, Peril, and Liberation (25 page)

women’s rights activism, 17–19 Sanger, William, 18

Satterthwaite, Adaline, 30–31

Schizophrenia, 21–22

Seaman, Barbara, 97, 117,

130–134

Seaman, Gideon, 130

Searle pharmaceuticals, 5, 32–33 Second Vatican Council,

123–126

Seeger, Pete, 124

Segal, Sheldon, 52, 55, 106, 109,

138

Senate hearings, 100, 132–133

Setlow, Larry, 114 Sex drive.
See
Libido

Sexual identity, 146–147, 163

Sexual revolution concerns over the pill

increasing promiscuity, 7–8 controversy over the existence

of, 82–83

impact on sexual behavior, values, and expectations, 149–150

Sexual revolution (
continued
) movie industry portrayal of,

89–91

origins and development of, 2–3, 74–79

pill use encouraging promiscuity, 152–153

Playboy
philosophy as vanguard of, 61

symbolism of the pill, 71–72 tensions and confusions for

young women, 84–89 Sexual satisfaction and pleasure

benefits and disadvantages of women’s empowerment, 57–58

evolution of expectations, 147–149

increasing acceptance of women’s need for, 75–76

pill’s promise of, 12–13 Sanger’s advocacy of, 18 Sexually transmitted diseases

(STDs), 85, 169

Shakers, 15 Side effects

Dalkon Shield, 131–132

David Susskind Show,

133–134

The Doctors’ Case Against the Pill,
130–132

FDA approval process, 33–34 life threatening effects,

128–129

lowered libido, 147–149

male contraceptives, 94–97, 113 men’s refusal to take risks,

102–104

menstrual irregularity, 155–157 negative side effects for men,

67–71

persistence of, 169

Playboy
’s stance on the pill and, 66–67

psychological and emotional, 154–155

Puerto Rican trials, 31 Senate hearings on the safety

of the pill, 100, 132–133 vaccine for men, 107–108 women’s anger over, 98 women’s health advocates’

concerns, 5–6

See also
Safety concerns Single women

campus health services’ refusal to prescribe the pill, 88

sexual revolution and the pill, 72–73

See also
Premarital sex Southern Nonviolent

Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 49–50

Sperm banks, 105

Sperm switches, 104–105 Springhill Mine Disaster, 59–60 Statistical information

college health services prescribing the pill, 88

current contraceptive use, 168–169

fertility and population rates in developing countries,

52–53

global contraception statistics, 55–56

US pill use, 2, 144

world population growth, 36–37

Steinem, Gloria, 71–72, 74 Sterilization

of Asian women, 51

of men in developing countries, 96

of poor black women, 47–48 of the unfit, 19–21, 30

pre-pill contraceptive alternatives, 4

Stockwell, Edward, 43–44

Stone, Abraham, 24, 39–40

Strokes, 129–130

Suffrage, women’s, 22 Supreme Court, U.S., 118 Susskind, David, 133–134

Tavard, George, 125

Taylor, Gordon Rattray, 45–46 Teens

access to and use of birth control, 83, 152

Hefner’s attitude toward sex and birth control for, 66

morning-after pill, 165

Norplant use, 139, 154 parental support of

contraceptive use, 154 pill use to relieve menstrual

irregularity, 152, 160 postwar sexual activity among,

74–75

sexual liberation through pill use, 153

side effects of the pill, 129 Teens Health, 147

Testing.
See
Clinical and informal trials

Thalidomide, 111, 127–128

Thrombosis, 128–129, 134

Time
, 81–82, 132

Today’s Health,
102

Tranquilizers, 126–128

Trust, 112, 114–115, 151, 158

Tyler, Edward, 33–34

Umbrelly, spoof, 103–104 United Nations conference on

population, 53–54

United States v. One Package,
19 University of Kansas, 87–88 Unwanted pregnancy

baby boom era stigma, 77 Catholic position on birth

control, 120–121 women’s failure to use birth

control, 83–84

See also
Unwed mothers Unwed mothers

Playboy
humor, 64–65 postwar political and social

climate, 76–77, 89 recent changes in social

acceptance, 143, 149

social stigma, 58–59

Urban League, 49

Urban violence, 46–47

U.S. News & World Report,
80–81, 121

Utopian communities, birth control in, 15

Utopian dreams, pill’s role in fulfilling, 71–72,

167–168

Vaccine, 107–108

Values, 82–83, 91, 115, 149–150

Vasectomy, 94, 100–101, 105,

110

Vatican II, 123–126

Viagra, 116

Vice, contraception as, 16, 18 Virginity

college women in the 1960s, 78, 82, 84–86

conservatives’ view of, 88

film portrayal of the loss of, 90 irresponsible sexual behavior

and, 150–151

religious values and, 115 Virility, 67–69

Voluntary motherhood, 15–16

Wang, Christina, 113–114 War on Poverty, 43 WebMD, 147

Welfare state, 47, 138–139 William S. Merrell, Inc.,

127–128

Withdrawal method, 4, 15

The Woman Rebel,
17–18 “Womanization.”
See
Momism.

Women’s health movement, 134–136, 162

Women’s rights movement birth control movement

emerging from, 17 demanding government action

in regulation, 5–6 intersections with population

control movement, 38–39 and pill’s potential for

liberation, 4

voluntary motherhood, 15–16

Woodhull, Victoria, 16 Worcester Foundation for

Experimental Biology, 23–24 World Health Organization

(WHO), 52–53, 97, 99–100,

108–109, 116, 137

World War II, 39–40, 76

Wyeth-Ayerst, 139–140

Wylie, Philip, 61–62

Yaz, 157

Zero Population Growth (ZPG) movement, 44–45