World War II Behind Closed Doors (67 page)

35
BBC interview.

36
BBC interview.

37
BBC interview.

38
BBC interview.

39
BBC interview.

40
Georgii Kumanev,
Ryadom So Stalinym: Otkrovennye Svidetelstva
(Next to Stalin), Bilina, Moscow, 1999, pp. 272–3.

41
BBC interview.

42
BBC interview.

43
Hitler's Table Talk
, translated by Norman Cameron and R. H. Stevens, entry for 17 October 1941, Phoenix Press, 2000, p. 68.

44
BBC interview.

45
Dallek,
Franklin D. Roosevelt
, p. 285.

46
BBC interview.

47
The Crime of Katyn, Facts and Documents
, Polish Cultural Foundation, London, 1989, p. 87.

48
Interview with Sir Frank Roberts for
The Cold War
, a BBC/Turner Broadcasting co-production.

49
Eden's 17 December 1941 telegram to Churchill via Foreign Office, FO 371/29655.

50
Dilks (ed.),
Cadogan Diaries
, p. 422, entry for 17 December 1941.

51
Anthony Eden (Rt Hon the Earl of Avon, KG, PC, MC),
The Eden Memoirs: The Reckoning
, Cassell, 1965, p. 302.

52
Sir Frank Roberts,
Dealing with Dictators
, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1991, p. 59.

53
Eden Memoirs, p. 302
.

54
Eden telegram to Churchill, 5 January 1942, PREM 3/399/7.

55
Churchill note to Eden, 7 January 1942, FO 371/32864.

56
BBC interview.

57
BBC interview.

58
Quoted in William Taubman,
Khrushchev: The Man and His Era
, Free Press, 2003, p.167.

59
Ibid., p. 168.

60
Laurence Rees,
Horror in the East
, BBC Books, 2001, p. 72.

61
Churchill to Roosevelt, 7 March 1942, FO 954/25.

62
Roy Douglas,
From War to Cold War, 1942–1948
, London, 1981, p. 7.

63
BBC interview.

64
John M Carroll and George C Herring,
Modern American Diplomacy
, Rowman and Littlefield, 1995, p. 83.

65
Warren F. Kimball (ed.),
Churchill and Roosevelt: The Complete Correspondence
, Vol. I, Princeton University Press, 1984, p. 421, FDR to Churchill, 18 March 1942.

66
Eleanor Roosevelt,
This I Remember
, Greenwood Press, 1975, p. 199.

67
O. A. Rzheshevskii,
Voina I Diplomatica
, Nauka, Moscow, 1997, p. 170.

68
Hopkins memorandum, 29 May 1942, in Hopkins papers, in FDR Presidential Library, Hyde Park, New York.

69
Alanbrooke,
War Diaries
, p. 269, entry for 21 June 1942.

70
See Professor S. H. Cross (the American interpreter), notes from 11 a.m. conference on Saturday, 30 May 1942, Molotov Visit, Book 5, in FDR Library, Hyde Park, New York.

71
O. Rzheshevski,
Vojna I diplomatia
, Moscow, 1997, p. 176.

72
Hopkins memorandum, 3 June 1942, in FDR Library, Hyde Park, New York.

73
Bellamy,
Absolute War
, p. 421.

74
Ibid., p. 424.

75
See annexe to the minutes of the Chiefs of Staff committee, 16 May 1942, PRO CAB 79/21.

76
Prime Minister's minute to General Ismay, 17 May 1942, PRO D 100/2.

77
Minutes of War Cabinet meeting, 18 May 1942, CAB 65/26.

78
BBC interview.

79
BBC interview.

80
BBC interview.

81
BBC interview.

82
BBC interview.

83
BBC interview.

84
Quoted in Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom
, p. 182.

85
REF AND 237/168 PRO.

86
BBC interview.

CHAPTER THREE: Crisis of Faith

1
BBC interview.

2
Nikolai Baibakov,
Ot Stalina do Yel'tsina
(From Stalin to Yeltsin), GazOil Press, Moscow, 1998, pp. 64–5.

3
Stalin to Churchill, 23 July 1942, T 1031/2 FCO.

4
Clark Kerr to Foreign Office, 25 July 1942, FO 371/32911.

5
Lord Moran,
Winston Churchill, the Struggle for Survival 1940–1965
, Heron Books, 1966, entry for 1 August 1942.

6
Winston S. Churchill,
The Second World War: The Hinge of Fate
, London, 2005, p. 428.

7
Lord Alanbrooke, remark in BBC interview.

8
CAB 66/28/3, p. 19 PRO.

9
CAB 120/65, PRO.

10
Churchill,
The Hinge of Fate
, p. 440.

11
Martin Kitchen,
British Policy Towards the Soviet Union During the Second World War
, Macmillan, 1986, p. 136.

12
See Charles Richardson,
From Churchill's Secret Circle to the BBC
, Brassey's, 1991, p. 139.

13
Alanbrooke,
War Diaries
, p. 301.

14
Ibid.

15
Arthur Bryant,
The Turn of the Tide
, London, 1957, pp. 461
–
4.

16
Lord Moran diary, entry for 14 August 1942, pp. 60–1.

17
Ibid., entry for August 15, p. 62.

18
FO 800/300 PRO.

19
Pavlov, Autobiographical Notes', pp. 98
-
9.

20
This account of the meeting is compiled from: Churchill
, The Hinge of Fate
, pp. 446
–
7, Vladimir Nikolaevich Pavlov, Autobiographical Notes', pp. 98
-
9; A. H. Birse,
Memoirs of an Interpreter
, London, 1967, p. 102.

21
FO 800/300 PRO.

22
Cadogan to Eden, FO 800/404.

23
Churchill,
Hinge of Fate
, p. 448.

24
Alanbrooke,
War Diaries
, entry for 13 August, 1942, pp. 299
–
300.

25
BBC interview.

26
BBC interview.

27
BBC interview.

28
BBC interview.

29
English translation available at
www.ibiblio.org
.

30
Information Bulletin, Embassy of the USSR, 10 November 1942.

31
BBC interview.

32
Burns,
Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom
, p. 310.

33
BBC interview.

34
BBC interview.

35
BBC interview.

36
Burns, p. 315.

37
Ibid.

38
BBC interview.

39
PRO CAB 66/36.

40
Ibid.

41
John H. Lauck,
Katyn Killings: In the Record
, Kingston Press, 1988, p. 55.

42
FO 371/34571 PRO Churchill to Eden 28 April 1943.

43
Kimball (ed.),
Churchill and Roosevelt: The Complete Correspondence
, Vol. I, pp. 400–2.

44
O'Malley was appointed ambassador to the Poles in February, 1943.

45
Sir Owen O'Malley,
The Phantom Caravan
, John Murray, 1954, p. 234.

46
FO 371/34577.

47
FO 371/34577.

48
PRO PREM 3/353, p. 101.

49
See Kimball,
Churchill and Roosevelet
, Vol. III, C-4 12/2, Churchill to FDR, 13 August, 1943, p. 389.

50
Charles Bohlen,
Witness to History
, Norton, 1973.

51
William H. Standley,
Admiral Ambassador to Russia
, Chicago, 1955, p. 368.

52
Ibid., p. 369.

53
Joseph E. Davies papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, DC, entry for 20 May 1943.

54
FRUS, Conferences at Cairo and Tehran 1943, Washington 1961, pp. 3–4.

55
Reynolds,
In Command of History
, Penguin Books, 2005, p. 381.

56
Memo, 21 July 1942, CAB 66/26, WP (42) 311 (TNA).

57
Churchill to Attlee, 29 July 1942, PREM 3/499/9 (TNA).